a minor who stays at a hotel is bound to pay for the lodging.a minor who goes into a restaurant and orders food is bound to pay for the meal and.The minor is bound to pay for the reasonable value of necessities. One exception is when a minor contracts for “necessities,” such as food or shelter. This means they do not yet have the capacity to understand the contract and the consequences of the agreement. In this area of the law, someone who is younger than 18 is referred to as a “minor.” Minors are not considered to be “competent” to make a contract. In Virginia, you must be at least 18 years old to enter into a legally binding contract without parental consent. In these contracts, teachers agree to be a classroom teacher for a particular school year and the school boards agree to pay the teacher a certain amount of money. In Virginia public schools, the teachers sign contracts with the school boards to teach. The cardholder agrees to repay the money, with interest, according to the terms in the contract.Īnother example is a contract for services. The credit card company agrees to allow the cardholder to use the card, and thereby borrow money up to a limit. One of the most common examples of a contract is a credit card agreement. What is a contract?Ī contract is an agreement with specific terms between two or more persons or entities in which there is a promise to do something in return for a valuable benefit known as “consideration.”Ĭontracts are at the heart of most business dealings therefore, contract law is one of the most significant areas of law. Other laws impose greater liability on parents for the actions of their minor children. In Virginia, parents of persons under the age of 18 may be held liable for up to $2,500 for willful or malicious destruction of public or private property. Are my parents liable for damages for my torts? Courts look at many factors in determining whether a juvenile will be held responsible. The fact that someone is a juvenile does not, by itself, release the person from responsibility for a tort. What if a juvenile commits a tort in Virginia? Slander is a spoken communication that is false and damages a person’s reputation. Libel is a written communication, such as a newspaper article, that is false and damages a person’s reputation. Two examples of defamation are libel and slander. What is defamation?ĭefamation occurs when there is harm to one’s reputation because of a statement somebody makes when they knew or should have known the statement was false. If unintentional, it is usually referred to as negligence and occurs when someone fails to use reasonable care to prevent or avoid injury or harm. The tort may be an intentional act or an unintentional act. A person who is injured or harmed may sue the person who committed the tort in civil court. Tort usually refers to injuring a person, causing damage to his or her property or reputation, or harming someone’s commercial interest. Tort refers to action that harms another person or his property. However, the victim may also pursue the matter civilly to be paid for damages related to the attack such as broken glasses, medical bills, and lost wages. For example, someone who attacks another person may be charged criminally with assault and battery. It is possible for a person to be charged with a crime and be held liable for damages under civil law for the same act. Someone who is liable under civil law may be ordered by a court to pay a sum of money to another person or to take some other action to remedy a problem. Someone who violates a criminal law may be jailed, fined, or placed on probation. Learn what civil law is, what torts are, and what parents’ liability is in Virginia, and about contracts and who can make them in Virginia.Ĭivil law is the term used to describe non-criminal law having to do with private rights and remedies related to property, commerce, and administrative matters.
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